Abstract #T342

# T342
Carcass quality of grain-finished first-calf heifers.
Jose A. Arce*1, Shawn L. Archibeque1, Jason K. Ahola1, Richard K. Peel1, Dale R. Woerner1, Jack C. Whittier2, George E. Seidel3, 1Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 2Department of Animal Science and Panhandle Research and Extension Center, University of Nebraska, Scottsbluff, NE, 3Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.

Single-calf beef production systems require harvesting females after early weaning their first calf; these systems reduce the share of energy destined for maintenance of adult cows. However, pregnancy hormones accelerate bone ossification, which may negatively affect carcass value. The objective of this study was to evaluate preliminary data on estimated lean maturity (LE), bone maturity (BM), overall maturity (OM), marbling (MA) and Warner Bratzler shear force (WBSF) of carcasses from primiparous females approximately 30 mo of age. A set of 53 Angus-based yearling heifers (BW = 352 ± 38.9 kg) were synchronized and inseminated with sexed semen to calve at approximately 24 mo of age; calves were early weaned at 106 ± 21 d postpartum. First calf heifers (n = 42) were taken to a feedlot to be fed acclimating, set up, and finishing diets for 6, 22, and 60 d, respectively. Diets were 12.7, 13.8 and 12.5% CP; and 0.84, 1.15 and 1.39 Mcal·kg−1 NEg, respectively. At harvest, carcasses were scored for LE and BM to estimate OM in which A, B and C maturities corresponded to scores of 100, 200 and 300, respectively. Also MA was evaluated (slight = 300, small = 400, modest = 500 and moderate = 600) and a LM sample was removed for WBSF measurement. Given the large decrease in quality grade with OM ≥ 300 and that according to approximate age few heifers were supposed to fall into that category, carcasses were sorted by OM as <300 or ≥300, and the resulting means for LE, BM, MA and WBSF were compared with a t-test. Means ± SD for the 64% of carcasses classified as < 300 OM were: 170 ± 14 LE, 248 ± 29 BM 220 ± 15 OM, 470 ± 80 MA and 4.87 ± 1.10 kg WBSF. Remaining carcasses were classified as ≥ 300 OM with 169 ± 15 LE, 342 ± 37 BM, 301 ± 3 OM, 485 ± 70 MA and 4.98 ± 0.64 kg WBSF. No differences were detected between the 2 maturity groups for LE (P = 0.76), MA (P = 0.53) or WBSF (P = 0.67); meanwhile significant differences were found for BM and OM (P < 0.001). Therefore, differences in ossification did not affect characteristics related to meat palatability of carcasses of previously pregnant heifers slaughtered at about 30 months of age.

Key Words: bone ossification, carcass maturity, shear force