The objective of the present study was to evaluate embryo production and oocyte quality of dairy cows receiving saturated or unsaturated fatty acids (FA) sources during transition period and early lactation. Thirty Holstein cows were divided into 3 experimental groups in randomized complete design. The animals were randomly assigned to receive one of the following treatments: 1) control (C; without fat addition, n = 10), basal diet containing (DM basis) 2.5 g/100g of ether extract (EE) in pre and postpartum period; 2) whole raw soybeans (UNSAT; n = 10), basal diet containing (DM basis) 4.5g/100g of EE in pre-partum and 5.5g/100g of EE in postpartum period; 3) calcium salts of saturated FA (SAT; MAGNAPAC - Tectron Ltd., n = 10), basal diet containing (DM basis) 4.5 g/100g of EE in pre-partum and 5.5 g/100g in postpartum. The experimental diets were fed from 35 d before the expected calving date, and provided until 90 DIM, formulated to meet the nutritional requirements of each period (pre- and postpartum). The procedure for ovum pick-up (OPU) was performed in 3 periods: 30 ± 7 DIM (OPU1), 60 ± 7 DIM (OPU2) and 90 ± 7 DIM (OPU3). After OPU, the viable oocytes were classified in grade I, II and III. Only oocytes with grade I, II and III were submitted to in vitro fertilization (IVF). Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED of SAS 9.1, with the effect of diet, OPU and interaction as fixed effects, and animal as random effect. The data were analyzed by orthogonal contrasts (C vs. UNS + SAT and UNS vs. SAT). No effects (P > 0.05) were observed for OPU, treatment and interaction (treatment*OPU). No differences were observed among contrasts for total oocytes, viable oocytes, oocytes grade and total embryo produced. The saturated and unsaturated FA supplementation did not influence embryo production and oocyte quality in postpartum period.