Very little information is available on the relationship between BCS and LW in many dairy sheep and goat breeds. For these reasons, this work aimed to study in Sarda dairy ewes and in Saanen dairy goats: i) the relationship between BCS and LW; ii) the relationship between BCS, LW and the amount of internal body fat and its distribution in the abdominal cavity. Eight Sarda ewes (from 38.0 to 53.5 kg of LW and from 2.5 to 3.0 of BCS) and 8 Saanen goats (from 44.0 to 67.5 kg of LW and from 2.25 to 3.0 of BCS) in the second month of lactation were used in this study. Nine different somatic measurements were taken on each animal. At slaughter, omental, mesenteric, kidney and other internal fat were separated and weighed. LW linearly increased as BCS increased (R² = 0.85; P < 0.001) in Sarda ewes. BCS was a better predictor of LW (R² = 0.92; P < 0.001) than somatic body measurements. For each unitary change of BCS, the LW increased 23.45 kg. In contrast, in Saanen goats the relationship between LW and BCS was low (R² = 0.25) and not significant. In this species, chest of girth was instead a very good predictor of LW (R² = 0.91). Kidney, omental, mesenteric and others fat weighted, respectively, 0.2 kg, 0.9 kg, 0.4 kg, and 0.1 kg and represented 12.4%, 53.5%, 24.3%, and 9.7% of the total visceral fat depots in Sarda ewes. In Saanen goat they weighted, respectively, 0.3 kg, 1.0 kg, 0.7 kg, and 0.2 kg and represented 13.7%, 41.9%, 36.2%, and 8.2% of the total visceral fat depots. The weight of the total internal fat in relation of the EBW was very similar in ewes and in goats (0.4% and 0.5%, respectively). The kidney fat was highly correlated with the total visceral fat in sheep and goats (R² = 0.92 and 0.87, respectively). BCS and LW predicted equally well total internal fat (in kg) (R² = 0.65) in Sarda ewes, while in Saanen goats the BCS was a slightly better predictor (R² = 0.63) than LW (R² = 0.59). In conclusion, BCS was the best predictor of total internal fat in both species.