The objective of this study was to survey attitudes and management practices for reproduction in a representative sample of Canadian dairy farms. A questionnaire was distributed online and by mail to Canadian dairy farmers from March to May 2014. Respondents were asked to give their percentage of artificial inseminations (AI) based on visual heat detection, timed artificial insemination (TAI) program, or automated activity monitoring (AAM), for first and subsequent AI separately. The main management practice was the one that used for >50% of inseminations, or “combined” if no one practice was used for >50% of AI. Out of the approximate 9,000 invitations to participate to the survey, a total of 833 surveys were completed (response rate estimated at 9%). The average number of lactating cows per herd was 77 (median = 55, interquartile range = 40–88), and the herds were located in all Canadian provinces. Lactating cows were housed in tie stall (61%) and freestall barns (39%). Visual heat detection was reported to be the main management practice in 51% and 44% of herds for first and subsequent AI, respectively. Respondents reported observing cows for heat signs 3.3 times per day for a total of 36 min, on average. Timed AI was the main management practice in 21% and 22% of herds for first and subsequent AI, respectively. Although 74% of respondents agreed that reproductive hormones were safe for consumers of dairy products, fewer (64%) agreed that routine use of synchronization programs was acceptable to them, or to consumers (44%). Ten percent of respondents, mainly housing lactating cows in free stall barns, reported using AAM as their main management practice for all AI. They reported using the system to flag cows in heat, but also using observed signs of estrus to decide to inseminate. Sixteen and 20% of all respondents used combined practices for first and subsequent inseminations, respectively. Bulls were used by 4% of respondents. These results suggest that visual heat detection is the principal management practice in many Canadian herds, but that TAI and AAM systems are also important in the management of reproduction.