The objectives of the current experiment were to determine the association among animal and feed factors associated with daily rumination of periparturient dairy cows. Holstein animals (n = 297) were fitted with collars that record minutes of rumination every 2 h and activity every 2 h (SCR) from −21 to 21 d relative to calving. Rumination data were analyzed in 24 h intervals. Animal data collected were parity, twining, calf sex, animal body condition score at −21 d relative to calving, and days relative to calving. Total mixed ration samples were collected twice weekly. Samples from the same week were combined and analyzed for crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, ether extract, ash, and non-fiber carbohydrate. Furthermore, weekly feed samples were evaluated for particle size using a 4-panel particle separator. Physically effective fiber was calculated. Each pen in which study cows were housed had a temperature humidity HOBO and temperature humidity index were calculated. Daily rumination data were analyzed, separately for the prepartum and postpartum periods, by ANOVA using the MIXED procedure of SAS. A stepwise backward elimination procedure was conducted and only independent variables with P < 0.10 were kept in the final model. During the prepartum period, non-fiber carbohydrate (P < 0.01) was positively associated with daily rumination time and parity (P = 0.04), days relative to calving (P = 0.01), BCS at −21 d relative to calving (P = 0.05), twining (P = 0.08), daily average THI (P < 0.01), crude protein (P < 0.01), neutral detergent fiber (P < 0.01), ash (P < 0.01), and physically effective NDF (P = 0.01) were negatively associated with daily rumination time. During the postpartum period, days relative to calving (P < 0.01), crude protein (P < 0.01), ether extract (P = 0.01), non-fiber carbohydrate (P < 0.01) were positively associated with daily rumination time and parity (P < 0.01), daily average THI (P < 0.01), neutral detergent fiber (P < 0.01), ash (P < 0.01), were negatively associated with daily rumination time. The findings of the current experiment demonstrate that variability in daily rumination time is dependent on several animal, dietary, and environmental factors.