The objectives were to investigate the effects of maternal body gain during mid-gestation on skeletal muscle microRNAs expressed in the progeny. Post-transcriptionally, microRNAs downregulate gene expression by degrading target mRNA or translational repression. Spring-calving, multiparous cows (n = 26) were pen fed a diet consisting of 52% corn silage, 24% soy hulls, and 24% alfalfa haylage for 82 d during mid-gestation. Cows were classified into 3 groups (Hi-gain, Med-gain, and Low-gain) based on BW gain during the feeding period. After calving, all calves were managed similarly as a single contemporary group. Longissimus muscles biopsies were taken on 99, 197, and 392 d of age. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine mature microRNA in LM with all reactions run in triplicate. Three reference microRNAs (let-7a, miR-191a, and miR-103) were selected due to stable expression across animals and times. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS with cow BW gain, biopsy time, sex, and sire as fixed effects and pen as the random effect. Pairwise comparisons were implemented to separate means. MiR-381 expression in progeny born to Med-gain BW gain cows was greater (P = 0.01) than Low-gain with Hi-gain being intermediate. A cow BW gain × time interaction was observed for miR-181a (P = 0.02); while all groups decreased over time, calves from Hi-gain dams were greatest at d 392. A tendency (P = 0.08) for a cow BW gain × time interaction was observed for miR-26a. Despite all groups increasing from d 99 to 197, only the Hi-gain group maintained a similar level of miR-26a at d 392 while Med-gain and Low-gain were downregulated. Relative abundance of microRNAs was greatest for known muscle-specific microRNAs, miR-1 and −133a. All measured microRNAs changed (P < 0.01) over time. Expression of miR-23a and miR-29a increased with age, while miR-376d and miR-381 decreased at each subsequent time point. Additionally, expression of miR-133a and let-7g was greatest at d 197. Overall, results suggest microRNAs have a role in the robust and coordinated regulation of skeletal muscle development and some may be regulated by epigenetic factors.