The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of coated sodium butyrate (CSB) supplementation to peripartal and lactating sows and nursery pigs on reproductive performance and nursery growth performance. In Exp. 1, a total of 43 gestating sows (d 81–90 of gestation) were allotted to 0 (n = 15), 500 (n = 16), and 1,000 (n = 12) ppm of CSB (CM3000, Hangzhou King Techina Feed Co., Ltd., China) based on breed, parity and BW, and then fed treatment diets until weaning. In Exp. 2, a total of 72 weanling pigs were selected from the 0 (n = 5 sows) and 1,000 (n = 4 sows) ppm CSB treatments in Exp. 1 and allotted within the sow treatment to 0, 500, and 1,000 ppm of CSB in nursery diets for 3 replicates with 4 pigs per pen as a split plot design (SPD) for a 35-d growth study. All pigs were injected with ovalbumin at weaning and d 14 postweaning as an immune challenge. All data were analyzed by ANOVA using GLM procedure of SAS as a completely randomized design in Exp. 1 and a SPD in Exp. 2. In Exp. 1, there was no difference on sow BW, litter size, litter weight, lactation feed intake or milk composition. However, colostral IgG (P = 0.06; 2,447, 3,337, and 2,723 mg/dl for 0, 500, and 1,000 ppm of CSB treatments, respectively) and IgA (P = 0.09; 406, 540, and 464 mg/dl) concentrations tended to increase quadratically as CSB supplementation levels increased. In Exp. 2, pigs from the 1,000 ppm CSB sow treatment had greater BW (P < 0.01; 23.1 vs. 21.6 kg), ADG (P < 0.01; 0.462 vs. 0.418 kg/d), ADFI (P < 0.01; 0.776 vs. 0.684 kg/d) and F:G ratio (P = 0.07; 1.67 vs. 1.64) than those from the 0 ppm CSB sow treatment at d 35 postweaning. For the nursery treatments, ADG (P < 0.05; 0.428, 0.428, and 0.463 kg/d for 0, 500, and 1,000 ppm CSB, respectively) and ADFI (P = 0.06; 0.707, 0.717, and 0.767 kg/d) during the 35-d period increased linearly as CSB supplementation levels increased whereas F:G ratio had a quadratic response (P = 0.10; 1.64, 1.68, and 1.64). In summary, CSB supplementation increased colostral IgG and IgA concentrations of sows when supplemented in the sow diet and improved growth performance of nursery pigs under an immune challenge when supplemented in the nursery diet.