The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for metabolic diseases and their main predictors in Canadian Holsteins. Records from first to fifth lactation were considered for ketosis (KET), displaced abomasum (DA), milk fever (MF), fat to protein ratio (F:P) and milk β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), whereas for body condition score (BCS) only records from first lactation cows were available. Binary disease traits (0 = no case, 1 = at least one case), F:P and milk BHBA were treated as different traits in first and later lactations. Records for MF in first lactation were not considered in the present study as the disease frequency was near zero and a preliminary analysis revealed a heritability of zero. Bivariate and multivariate linear sire models were fitted using AI-REML. Heritability for metabolic disease traits ranged from 0.011 to 0.047. Higher heritabilities were found for BCS, F:P and milk BHBA, with estimates ranging from 0.10 to 0.22. First-lactation KET was strongly correlated with DA (0.76) and milk BHBA (0.75), whereas lower genetic correlations were found with BCS and F:P (−0.54 and 0.37, respectively). Displaced abomasum in first lactation was moderately correlated with BCS (−0.40) and F:P (0.19). Similar genetic correlation estimates were estimated in higher lactation cows. Milk fever, which was only evaluated in higher lactation cows, was moderately correlated with KET (0.39) and milk BHBA (0.33). Genetic correlations of disease traits between first and later lactations were relatively high (0.79 for KET and 0.86 for DA).