After calving, the liver undergoes a metabolic overload due to high energetic and nutritional demand caused by milk synthesis and these challenges can induce inflammation and impair liver function. Several studies demonstrate that inflammation around calving is responsible for decreased productive efficiency and fertility. For this a composite index based on multiple variables associated with inflammation, the liver functionality index (LFI), can be promising for aid in the diagnosis of diseases and reproductive problems on dairy farms. The LFI is determined utilizing 3 biomarkers of hepatic function: albumin, total cholesterol and bilirubin, measured on 3 and 28 d after calving. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resumption of postpartum ovarian activity of dairy cows with low LFI. Twenty cows Holstein were evaluated from d 21 prepartum until 30 d postpartum. The cows were divided into 2 groups: Low LFI (LLFI: ≤ −7 to −12; n: 10) and High LFI (HLFI; > −7 to −4; n: 10). Serum concentration of progesterone (P4) was analyzed on d 16, 23, 30, 37 and 44 postpartum to predict the resumption of ovarian activity. The cows which had P4 concentration higher than 1ng/mL in 2 consecutive assays were considered ovulatory, while cows with P4 concentration below 1ng/ml during same period were considered anovulatory. The statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9.0 software. The statistical model CATMOD (Categorical Data Analysis Procedures) was used for analysis of categorical data of ovulation. P < 0.05 was considered significant. The proportion cows that resumed ovarian activity to 44 d postpartum was lower (29%; 3/10; P < 0.05) in the LLFI, compared with HLFI group (86%, 9/10). In conclusion, dairy cows with reduced hepatic functionality after calving have delayed resumption of ovarian activity, which demonstrates that the LFI can be a useful index to predict problems in resumption of ovulation in dairy cows.