Abstract #M161

# M161
Effects of gender status on beef quality from crossbred Angus x Nellore cattle.
Lenise F. Mueller*1, Júlio C. C. Balieiro1, Adrielle M. Ferrinho1, Joyce J. M. Furlan1, Laura R. R. Mantilla3, Fernando S. Baldi2, Angélica S. C. Pereira1, 1University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2Sao Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 3University Cooperative of Colombia, Medellin, Colombia.

The goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of gender status on beef quality from feedlot crossbred Angus x Nellore cattle. Twenty months old cattle (n = 454) presenting initial mean weight of 265 kg ± 24.24 were grouped into lots, confined and assigned into the following treatments: bulls, steers, immunocastrated, and heifers. Cattle were fed ad libitum high-grain diet containing 80% concentrate. At the end of the experimental period (190 d), 40 cattle from each group were chosen based on body weight (bulls 555 kg ± 43.36, steers 478 kg ± 32.40, immunocastrated 509 kg ± 30.75, and heifers 468 kg ± 34.21) and harvested. Steaks (2.54 cm thick) were collected from the Longissimus dorsi and aged for 0, 7, and 14 d (d) at 2°C; after aging, all steaks were stored at −18°C until analyzed for tenderness and pH. Statistical analyzes were performed using the proc MIXED SAS program (version 9.2), including the fixed effect of gender status (bulls, steers, immunocastrated, and heifers), and the covariate d on feed, and the random effect of cattle within of gender groups. Significant effects for gender status were evaluated by t-test using PDIFF option. On d 0, immunocastrated cattle and steers beef presented decreased shear force values (P > 0.05), when compared with heifers and bulls; heifers presented decreased shear values when compared with bulls (P < 0.05). After 7 d of aging bulls presented increased shear values (4.74kg ± 0.20) when compared with the other treatments (P < 0.01). Also, no difference was detected between immunocastrated cattle (3.40kg ± 0.20), steers (3.32kg ± 0.20), and heifers (3.94kg ± 0.20), however heifers presented increased shear force values when compared with steers (P < 0.05). At 14 d of aging bulls presented increased shear values (3.84kg ± 0.15) when compared with the other groups (P < 0.01); there was no difference (P < 0.05) between the other categories. Gender status influenced pH values, bulls showed higher pH values when compared with the other groups (P < 0.05). Despite the effect of gender status on beef quality, it is important to highlight that the use of steers, immunocastrated cattle and heifers is necessary to attend demanding consumers seeking for tender beef.

Key Words: immunocastration, tenderness, beef